Instrument details

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Instrument Title

Proximal Antecedents to Violence Episode (PAVE) Scale

View PDF - PAVE_Babcock (1).pdf

Source Article

Babcock, J. C., Costa, D. M., Green, C. E., & Eckhardt, C. I. (2004). What situations induce intimate partner violence? A reliability and validity study of the Proximal Antecedents to Violent Episodes (PAVE) scale. Journal of Family Psychology, 18(3), 433.

Response Options

  • 1 = Not at all likely
  • 2 = Very unlikely
  • 3 = Somewhat unlikely
  • 4 = Somewhat likely
  • 5 = Very likely
  • 6 = Extremely likely

Survey Items

  1. My partner does something to offend or "disrespect" me.
  2. My partner threatens to leave me.
  3. My partner just won't stop talking or nagging.
  4. I walk in and catch my partner having sex with someone.
  5. My partner says "I wish I never married you."
  6. My partner spends a lot of time with close friends of the opposite sex.
  7. I find out that my partner has been flirting with someone.
  8. My partner comes home late.
  9. My partner spends money without consulting me.
  10. When my partner and I argue about sex.
  11. My partner threatens to divorce me.
  12. My partner ridicules or makes fun of me.
  13. My partner tells me not to do something that I want to do.
  14. My partner tries to control me.
  15. My partner interrupts me when I'm talking.
  16. My partner does not include me in important decisions.
  17. My partner ignores me.
  18. My partner is physically aggressive towards me first.
  19. My partner tries to leave during an argument.
  20. My partner blames me for something I didn't do.

Internal Reliability

Cronbach’s α = 0.97

Validity

Convergent Validity, Discriminant Validity

Google Scholar

View article on Google Scholar

Terms Of Use

Individuals may use this information for research or educational purposes only and may not use this information for commercial purposes. When using this instrument, please cite:

Babcock, J. C., Costa, D. M., Green, C. E., & Eckhardt, C. I. (2004). What situations induce intimate partner violence? A reliability and validity study of the Proximal Antecedents to Violent Episodes (PAVE) scale. Journal of Family Psychology, 18(3), 433.

When presenting results using any survey information you obtained from the SABI, please acknowledge the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH funded program P30 AI50410.