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Instrument Title

Anticipated, Internalized, and Enacted HIV Stigma Scales

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Source Article

Brewer, R., Hood, K. B., Moore, M., Spieldenner, A., Daunis, C., Mukherjee, S., Smith-Davis, M., Brown, G., Bowen, B., & Schneider, J. A. (2020). An Exploratory Study of Resilience, HIV-Related Stigma, and HIV Care Outcomes Among Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) Living with HIV in Louisiana. AIDS and behavior, 24(7), 2119–2129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02778-5

Response Options

Anticipated HIV Stigma and Internalized HIV Stigma: yes/no; Enacted stigma: 4-point scale (1=never to 4=often)

Survey Items

Anticipated HIV Stigma
In the last 12 months, have you been fearful of any of the following things happening to you - whether or not they actually have happened to you because of your HIV status?

  1. Being gossiped about
  2. Being verbally insulted, harassed and/or threatened
  3. Being physically harassed and/or threatened
  4. Being physical assaulted
  5. Being denied healthcare
  6. Having your HIV status shared without your consent online or through social media?

Internalized HIV Stigma
In the last 12 months, have you experienced any of the following feelings because of your HIV status?

  1. I feel ashamed
  2. I feel guilty
  3. I blame myself
  4. I blame others
  5. I have low self-esteem
  6. I feel I should be punished
  7. I feel suicidal
  8. I feel angry

Enacted HIV Stigma

  1. In the last 12 months, how often have you been forced to change your place of residence or have been unable to rent a place to live because of your HIV status?
  2. In the last 12 months, how often have you lost a job (if employed) or another sources of income (if self-employed or an informal/casual worker) because of your HIV status?
  3. In the last 12 months, how often have you been refused employment or a work opportunity because of your HIV status?
  4. In the last 12 months, how often has your job description or the nature of your work changed, or have you been refused a promotion because of your HIV status?
  5. In the last 12 months, how often have you been dismissed, suspended, or prevention from attending an education institution because of your HIV status?
  6. In the last 12 months, how often have you been denied health services, including dental care, because of your HIV status?

Internal Reliability

Cronbach’s α=0.77 (Anticipated HIV Stigma); 0.82 (Internalized HIV Stigma); 0.85 (Enacted HIV Stigma)

Validity

Validity information was not available.

Google Scholar

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Terms Of Use

Individuals may use this information for research or educational purposes only and may not use this information for commercial purposes. When using this instrument, please cite:

Brewer, R., Hood, K. B., Moore, M., Spieldenner, A., Daunis, C., Mukherjee, S., Smith-Davis, M., Brown, G., Bowen, B., & Schneider, J. A. (2020). An Exploratory Study of Resilience, HIV-Related Stigma, and HIV Care Outcomes Among Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) Living with HIV in Louisiana. AIDS and behavior, 24(7), 2119–2129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02778-5

When presenting results using any survey information you obtained from the SABI, please acknowledge the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH funded program P30 AI50410.