Please see below for when each domain is projected to be updated.
Attitudes — This domain scheduled to be updated in 2022
| Domain | Sub-Domain | Instrument Name | Description | Citation (Authors) | Language/ Geographic Location |
Population(s) | Details & PDF |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reduced HIV Concern Scale | The measure is developed to "to assess the impact of combination treatments on personal safer sex attitudes and risk perceptions." "The scale consists of eight face valid items assessing decreased personal worry about engaging in unsafe sex because of the availability of combination therapies (e.g., "I am less concerned about having anal sex without a condom now that new drug combination treatments are available" ) and assumptions about decreased HIV infectivity associated with unprotected sex involving an HIV-positive partner with low or undetectable viral load (e.g., "An HIV-positive person whose level of virus in the blood has become undetectable is unlikely to transmit HIV to his partner"). Responses were reported using a 4-point rating scale, with response options ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree." | Vanable, P. A., Ostrow, D. G., McKirnan, D. J., Taywaditep, K. J., & Hope, B. A. (2000). Impact of combination therapies on HIV risk perceptions and sexual risk among HIV-positive and HIV-negative gay and bisexual men. Health Psychology, 19(2), 134-145. |
English |
* HIV-positive * HIV-negative * Men who have sex with men (MSM) * Men * Bisexual |
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| ART Related Attitudes and Beliefs | "The 13-item section regarding ART-related AB (attitudes and beliefs) assessed whether the participant was less concerned about HIV/AIDS or reported that there was less need for safer sex since the availability of ART. Possible responses included: ''agree'', ''unsure'', or ''disagree.'' Two factors were derived: belief that HIV is a more controllable disease due to ART availability (4 items) and ART-related risk compensation (7 items). The questionnaire was modified from Ostrow DE, Fox KJ, Chmiel JS, Silvestre A, Visscher BR, et al. (2002) Attitudes towards highly active antiretroviral therapy are associated with sexual risk taking among HIV-infected and uninfected homosexual men. Aids 16: 775-780 and Vanable PA, Ostrow DG, McKirnan DJ (2003) Viral load and HIV treatment attitudes as correlates of sexual risk behavior among HIV-positive gay men. J Psychosom Res 54: 263-269. | Cohen, C. R., Montandon, M., Carrico, A. W., Shiboski, S., Bostrom, A., Obure, A., et al. (2009). Association of attitudes and beliefs towards antiretroviral therapy with HIV-seroprevalence in the general population of kisumu, kenya. PLoS ONE, 4(3) |
English |
* Elderly * HIV-negative |
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| AIDS treatment advances and behavioral prevention setbacks: Preliminary assessment of reduced perceived threat of HIV-AIDS | The participants were asked to "rate 12 items assessing attitudes toward new HIV treatments, including beliefs about their effectiveness in treating HIV infection, their potential impact on risk for transmitting HIV, and community norms and behaviors. Responses to each item were made on a 4-point scale ranging from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (4)." Three factors were identified: "Factor 1 had 5 items with factor loadings greater than .30 (eigenvalue = 2.62, accounting for 22% of variance) labeled AIDS Treatment Optimism; Factor 2 had 4 weighted items and was labeled Preventive-Treatment Beliefs (eigenvalue = 2.08, 17% of variance); and Factor 3 included 3 items with factor loadings greater than .30 and was labeled AIDS Complacency (eigenvalue = 1.59,13% of variance)." | Kalichman, S. C., Nachimson, D., Cherry, C., & Williams, E. (1998). AIDS treatment advances and behavioral prevention setbacks: Preliminary assessment of reduced perceived threat of HIV-AIDS. Health Psychology, 17, 546-550. |
English |
* HIV-negative * Men who have sex with men (MSM) * Men * Bisexual |
View Details | ||
| HIV Testing Attitudes | The treatment beliefs items used in this study were adapted from previous research (Kalichman, S. C., Nachimson, D., Cherry, C., and Williams, E.(1998). AIDS treatment advances and behavioral prevention set-backs: Preliminary assessment of reduced threat perceptions. Health Psychol. 17: 546-50). "Participants responded to 10 items assessing beliefs toward HIV treatments, including beliefs about their effectiveness in treating HIV infection (e.g., "Treatments for HIV give me hope for a cure" and "HIV will soon be a controllable disease like diabetes") and their potential impact on risk for transmitting HIV (e.g., "HIV treatments make it easier to relax about unsafe sex," "It is easier to have sex without a condom is I have an undetectable viral load" and "Having an undetectable viral load makes it less likely to infect sex partners during unsafe sex"). Responses to each item were made on 4-point scales ranging from 1 = strongly disagree to 4 =strongly agree." | Kalichman, S. C., & Simbayi, L. C. (2003). HIV testing attitudes, AIDS stigma, and voluntary HIV counselling and testing in a black township in Cape Town, South Africa. British Medical Journal, 79(6), 442. |
English |
* HIV-positive * HIV-negative * Men who have sex with men (MSM) * Men * Women |
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| Viral Load Testing, HIV Therapies and Concern about HIV Infection | A questionnaire consisted of six statements about viral load testing, HIV therapies and concern about HIV infection. There were three response categories: true, false, unsure. | Van de Ven, P., Kippax, S., Knox, S., Prestage, G., & Crawford, J. (1999). HIV treatments optimism and sexual behaviour among gay men in sydney and melbourne. Aids, 13(16), 2289. |
English |
* Men * Men who have sex with men (MSM) * HIV-negative |
View Details | ||
| Perceived HIV Transmissibility | "This scale consisted of four items assessing beliefs of reduced HIV transmissibility from engaging in unprotected sex or needle sharing with an HIV-seropositive individual receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) or an HIV-seropositive person with an undetectable viral load. A higher score reflects the belief in reduced HIV transmissibility. For the analysis determining the associations between attitudinal factors and high-risk behaviors, this scale was divided further into two subscales of 'perceived HIV transmissibility through unprotected sex' and 'perceived HIV transmissibility through needle sharing' due to their reference to two distinct activities. Each subscale included two questionnaire items." | Tun, W., Celentano, D. D., Vlahov, D., & Strathdee, S. A. (2003). Attitudes toward HIV treatments influence unsafe sexual and injection practices among injecting drug users. AIDS, 17(13), 1953. |
English |
* HIV-positive * HIV-negative * People who inject drugs |
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| Measures of Sexual Attitudes and Behavior of Latino Adults: Questionnaire for Unmarried Latino Men | The instrument is provided by CAPS (Center for AIDS Prevention Studies UCSF). "The questionnaires for unmarried Latino women and men were used in a random digit dial telephone survey of 1500 Latinos in ten states in the U.S. These states contain 90% of all Latinos living in the continental U.S. The survey was designed to assess risk for HIV due to sexual behaviors as well as the variables that might predict sexual behaviors such as condom use. The potential predictors measured include homophobia, self-efficacy to use condoms, sexual comfort, sexual coercion, and traditional gender role beliefs." | Marin, B.V., Tschann, J., Gomez, C., Gregorich, S.E. (1998). Self efficacy to use condoms in unmarried Latino adults. American Journal of Community Psychology. 26(1), 53-71. |
Spanish, |
* Latino * Women * Men * HIV-negative |
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